At the conclusion of this course, participants should be able to: 1. Routine use of structured safety systems such as the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist, including preoperative briefings and postoperative debriefings. 2. Use of standardized difficult airway algorithms adapted for low-resource environments, including clear escalation pathways and preparation for surgical airway. 3. Recognize hemorrhage early using clinical indicators and implementation of standardized hemorrhage protocols (including tranexamic acid and coordinated surgical response). 4. Use evidence-based, resource-appropriate anesthesia strategies (e.g., ketamine-based anesthesia, regional techniques, simplified monitoring aligned with American Society of Anesthesiologists standards). 5. Implement structured postoperative monitoring protocols and standardized discharge criteria. 6. Use crisis resource management principles, including closed-loop communication, role clarity, and structured debriefing.